1 // The template and inlines for the -*- C++ -*- complex number classes.
3 // Copyright (C) 1997-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 // This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library. This library is free
6 // software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
7 // terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
8 // Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
11 // This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 // GNU General Public License for more details.
16 // Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
17 // permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
18 // 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
20 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
21 // a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
22 // see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see
23 // <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 /** @file include/complex
26 * This is a Standard C++ Library header.
30 // ISO C++ 14882: 26.2 Complex Numbers
31 // Note: this is not a conforming implementation.
32 // Initially implemented by Ulrich Drepper <drepper@cygnus.com>
33 // Improved by Gabriel Dos Reis <dosreis@cmla.ens-cachan.fr>
36 #ifndef _GLIBCXX_COMPLEX
37 #define _GLIBCXX_COMPLEX 1
39 #pragma GCC system_header
41 #include <bits/c++config.h>
42 #include <bits/cpp_type_traits.h>
43 #include <ext/type_traits.h>
47 // Get rid of a macro possibly defined in <complex.h>
50 #if __cplusplus > 201703L
51 # define __cpp_lib_constexpr_complex 201711L
54 namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
56 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
59 * @defgroup complex_numbers Complex Numbers
62 * Classes and functions for complex numbers.
66 // Forward declarations.
67 template<typename _Tp> class complex;
68 template<> class complex<float>;
69 template<> class complex<double>;
70 template<> class complex<long double>;
72 /// Return magnitude of @a z.
73 template<typename _Tp> _Tp abs(const complex<_Tp>&);
74 /// Return phase angle of @a z.
75 template<typename _Tp> _Tp arg(const complex<_Tp>&);
76 /// Return @a z magnitude squared.
77 template<typename _Tp> _Tp _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR norm(const complex<_Tp>&);
79 /// Return complex conjugate of @a z.
80 template<typename _Tp>
81 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp> conj(const complex<_Tp>&);
82 /// Return complex with magnitude @a rho and angle @a theta.
83 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> polar(const _Tp&, const _Tp& = 0);
86 /// Return complex cosine of @a z.
87 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> cos(const complex<_Tp>&);
88 /// Return complex hyperbolic cosine of @a z.
89 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> cosh(const complex<_Tp>&);
90 /// Return complex base e exponential of @a z.
91 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> exp(const complex<_Tp>&);
92 /// Return complex natural logarithm of @a z.
93 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> log(const complex<_Tp>&);
94 /// Return complex base 10 logarithm of @a z.
95 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> log10(const complex<_Tp>&);
96 /// Return @a x to the @a y'th power.
97 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> pow(const complex<_Tp>&, int);
98 /// Return @a x to the @a y'th power.
99 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> pow(const complex<_Tp>&, const _Tp&);
100 /// Return @a x to the @a y'th power.
101 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> pow(const complex<_Tp>&,
102 const complex<_Tp>&);
103 /// Return @a x to the @a y'th power.
104 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> pow(const _Tp&, const complex<_Tp>&);
105 /// Return complex sine of @a z.
106 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> sin(const complex<_Tp>&);
107 /// Return complex hyperbolic sine of @a z.
108 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> sinh(const complex<_Tp>&);
109 /// Return complex square root of @a z.
110 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> sqrt(const complex<_Tp>&);
111 /// Return complex tangent of @a z.
112 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> tan(const complex<_Tp>&);
113 /// Return complex hyperbolic tangent of @a z.
114 template<typename _Tp> complex<_Tp> tanh(const complex<_Tp>&);
117 // 26.2.2 Primary template class complex
119 * Template to represent complex numbers.
121 * Specializations for float, double, and long double are part of the
122 * library. Results with any other type are not guaranteed.
124 * @param Tp Type of real and imaginary values.
126 template<typename _Tp>
131 typedef _Tp value_type;
133 /// Default constructor. First parameter is x, second parameter is y.
134 /// Unspecified parameters default to 0.
135 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const _Tp& __r = _Tp(), const _Tp& __i = _Tp())
136 : _M_real(__r), _M_imag(__i) { }
138 // Let the compiler synthesize the copy constructor
139 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
140 constexpr complex(const complex&) = default;
143 /// Converting constructor.
144 template<typename _Up>
145 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<_Up>& __z)
146 : _M_real(__z.real()), _M_imag(__z.imag()) { }
148 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
149 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
150 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
151 _GLIBCXX_ABI_TAG_CXX11
153 real() const { return _M_real; }
155 _GLIBCXX_ABI_TAG_CXX11
157 imag() const { return _M_imag; }
159 /// Return real part of complex number.
161 real() { return _M_real; }
163 /// Return real part of complex number.
165 real() const { return _M_real; }
167 /// Return imaginary part of complex number.
169 imag() { return _M_imag; }
171 /// Return imaginary part of complex number.
173 imag() const { return _M_imag; }
176 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
177 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
178 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR void
179 real(_Tp __val) { _M_real = __val; }
181 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR void
182 imag(_Tp __val) { _M_imag = __val; }
184 /// Assign a scalar to this complex number.
185 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>& operator=(const _Tp&);
187 /// Add a scalar to this complex number.
189 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>&
190 operator+=(const _Tp& __t)
196 /// Subtract a scalar from this complex number.
198 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>&
199 operator-=(const _Tp& __t)
205 /// Multiply this complex number by a scalar.
206 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>& operator*=(const _Tp&);
207 /// Divide this complex number by a scalar.
208 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>& operator/=(const _Tp&);
210 // Let the compiler synthesize the copy assignment operator
211 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
212 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex& operator=(const complex&) = default;
215 /// Assign another complex number to this one.
216 template<typename _Up>
217 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>& operator=(const complex<_Up>&);
218 /// Add another complex number to this one.
219 template<typename _Up>
220 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>& operator+=(const complex<_Up>&);
221 /// Subtract another complex number from this one.
222 template<typename _Up>
223 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>& operator-=(const complex<_Up>&);
224 /// Multiply this complex number by another.
225 template<typename _Up>
226 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>& operator*=(const complex<_Up>&);
227 /// Divide this complex number by another.
228 template<typename _Up>
229 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>& operator/=(const complex<_Up>&);
231 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex __rep() const
239 template<typename _Tp>
240 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>&
241 complex<_Tp>::operator=(const _Tp& __t)
249 template<typename _Tp>
250 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>&
251 complex<_Tp>::operator*=(const _Tp& __t)
259 template<typename _Tp>
260 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>&
261 complex<_Tp>::operator/=(const _Tp& __t)
268 template<typename _Tp>
269 template<typename _Up>
270 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>&
271 complex<_Tp>::operator=(const complex<_Up>& __z)
273 _M_real = __z.real();
274 _M_imag = __z.imag();
279 template<typename _Tp>
280 template<typename _Up>
281 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>&
282 complex<_Tp>::operator+=(const complex<_Up>& __z)
284 _M_real += __z.real();
285 _M_imag += __z.imag();
290 template<typename _Tp>
291 template<typename _Up>
292 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>&
293 complex<_Tp>::operator-=(const complex<_Up>& __z)
295 _M_real -= __z.real();
296 _M_imag -= __z.imag();
301 // XXX: This is a grammar school implementation.
302 template<typename _Tp>
303 template<typename _Up>
304 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>&
305 complex<_Tp>::operator*=(const complex<_Up>& __z)
307 const _Tp __r = _M_real * __z.real() - _M_imag * __z.imag();
308 _M_imag = _M_real * __z.imag() + _M_imag * __z.real();
314 // XXX: This is a grammar school implementation.
315 template<typename _Tp>
316 template<typename _Up>
317 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>&
318 complex<_Tp>::operator/=(const complex<_Up>& __z)
320 const _Tp __r = _M_real * __z.real() + _M_imag * __z.imag();
321 const _Tp __n = std::norm(__z);
322 _M_imag = (_M_imag * __z.real() - _M_real * __z.imag()) / __n;
329 /// Return new complex value @a x plus @a y.
330 template<typename _Tp>
331 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
332 operator+(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
334 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
339 template<typename _Tp>
340 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
341 operator+(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
343 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
348 template<typename _Tp>
349 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
350 operator+(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
352 complex<_Tp> __r = __y;
359 /// Return new complex value @a x minus @a y.
360 template<typename _Tp>
361 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
362 operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
364 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
369 template<typename _Tp>
370 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
371 operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
373 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
378 template<typename _Tp>
379 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
380 operator-(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
382 complex<_Tp> __r = -__y;
389 /// Return new complex value @a x times @a y.
390 template<typename _Tp>
391 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
392 operator*(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
394 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
399 template<typename _Tp>
400 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
401 operator*(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
403 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
408 template<typename _Tp>
409 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
410 operator*(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
412 complex<_Tp> __r = __y;
419 /// Return new complex value @a x divided by @a y.
420 template<typename _Tp>
421 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
422 operator/(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
424 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
429 template<typename _Tp>
430 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
431 operator/(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
433 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
438 template<typename _Tp>
439 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
440 operator/(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
442 complex<_Tp> __r = __x;
449 template<typename _Tp>
450 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
451 operator+(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
454 /// Return complex negation of @a x.
455 template<typename _Tp>
456 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
457 operator-(const complex<_Tp>& __x)
458 { return complex<_Tp>(-__x.real(), -__x.imag()); }
461 /// Return true if @a x is equal to @a y.
462 template<typename _Tp>
463 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
464 operator==(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
465 { return __x.real() == __y.real() && __x.imag() == __y.imag(); }
467 template<typename _Tp>
468 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
469 operator==(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
470 { return __x.real() == __y && __x.imag() == _Tp(); }
472 #if !(__cpp_impl_three_way_comparison >= 201907L)
473 template<typename _Tp>
474 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
475 operator==(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
476 { return __x == __y.real() && _Tp() == __y.imag(); }
480 /// Return false if @a x is equal to @a y.
481 template<typename _Tp>
482 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
483 operator!=(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
484 { return __x.real() != __y.real() || __x.imag() != __y.imag(); }
486 template<typename _Tp>
487 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
488 operator!=(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
489 { return __x.real() != __y || __x.imag() != _Tp(); }
491 template<typename _Tp>
492 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR bool
493 operator!=(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
494 { return __x != __y.real() || _Tp() != __y.imag(); }
498 /// Extraction operator for complex values.
499 template<typename _Tp, typename _CharT, class _Traits>
500 basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>&
501 operator>>(basic_istream<_CharT, _Traits>& __is, complex<_Tp>& __x)
507 if (_Traits::eq(__ch, __is.widen('(')))
510 if (__is >> __u >> __ch)
512 const _CharT __rparen = __is.widen(')');
513 if (_Traits::eq(__ch, __rparen))
518 else if (_Traits::eq(__ch, __is.widen(',')))
521 if (__is >> __v >> __ch)
523 if (_Traits::eq(__ch, __rparen))
525 __x = complex<_Tp>(__u, __v);
548 __is.setstate(ios_base::failbit);
552 /// Insertion operator for complex values.
553 template<typename _Tp, typename _CharT, class _Traits>
554 basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>&
555 operator<<(basic_ostream<_CharT, _Traits>& __os, const complex<_Tp>& __x)
557 basic_ostringstream<_CharT, _Traits> __s;
558 __s.flags(__os.flags());
559 __s.imbue(__os.getloc());
560 __s.precision(__os.precision());
561 __s << '(' << __x.real() << ',' << __x.imag() << ')';
562 return __os << __s.str();
566 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
567 template<typename _Tp>
569 real(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
570 { return __z.real(); }
572 template<typename _Tp>
574 imag(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
575 { return __z.imag(); }
577 template<typename _Tp>
579 real(complex<_Tp>& __z)
580 { return __z.real(); }
582 template<typename _Tp>
584 real(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
585 { return __z.real(); }
587 template<typename _Tp>
589 imag(complex<_Tp>& __z)
590 { return __z.imag(); }
592 template<typename _Tp>
594 imag(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
595 { return __z.imag(); }
598 // 26.2.7/3 abs(__z): Returns the magnitude of __z.
599 template<typename _Tp>
601 __complex_abs(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
603 _Tp __x = __z.real();
604 _Tp __y = __z.imag();
605 const _Tp __s = std::max(abs(__x), abs(__y));
606 if (__s == _Tp()) // well ...
610 return __s * sqrt(__x * __x + __y * __y);
613 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
615 __complex_abs(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_cabsf(__z); }
618 __complex_abs(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_cabs(__z); }
621 __complex_abs(const __complex__ long double& __z)
622 { return __builtin_cabsl(__z); }
624 template<typename _Tp>
626 abs(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_abs(__z.__rep()); }
628 template<typename _Tp>
630 abs(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_abs(__z); }
634 // 26.2.7/4: arg(__z): Returns the phase angle of __z.
635 template<typename _Tp>
637 __complex_arg(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
638 { return atan2(__z.imag(), __z.real()); }
640 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
642 __complex_arg(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_cargf(__z); }
645 __complex_arg(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_carg(__z); }
648 __complex_arg(const __complex__ long double& __z)
649 { return __builtin_cargl(__z); }
651 template<typename _Tp>
653 arg(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_arg(__z.__rep()); }
655 template<typename _Tp>
657 arg(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_arg(__z); }
660 // 26.2.7/5: norm(__z) returns the squared magnitude of __z.
661 // As defined, norm() is -not- a norm is the common mathematical
662 // sense used in numerics. The helper class _Norm_helper<> tries to
663 // distinguish between builtin floating point and the rest, so as
664 // to deliver an answer as close as possible to the real value.
668 template<typename _Tp>
669 static inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR _Tp _S_do_it(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
671 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
672 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
673 return __x * __x + __y * __y;
678 struct _Norm_helper<true>
680 template<typename _Tp>
681 static inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR _Tp _S_do_it(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
683 //_Tp __res = std::abs(__z);
684 //return __res * __res;
685 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
686 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
687 return __x * __x + __y * __y;
691 template<typename _Tp>
692 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR _Tp
693 norm(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
695 return _Norm_helper<__is_floating<_Tp>::__value
696 && !_GLIBCXX_FAST_MATH>::_S_do_it(__z);
699 template<typename _Tp>
701 polar(const _Tp& __rho, const _Tp& __theta)
703 __glibcxx_assert( __rho >= 0 );
704 return complex<_Tp>(__rho * cos(__theta), __rho * sin(__theta));
707 template<typename _Tp>
708 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex<_Tp>
709 conj(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
710 { return complex<_Tp>(__z.real(), -__z.imag()); }
714 // 26.2.8/1 cos(__z): Returns the cosine of __z.
715 template<typename _Tp>
717 __complex_cos(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
719 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
720 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
721 return complex<_Tp>(cos(__x) * cosh(__y), -sin(__x) * sinh(__y));
724 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
725 inline __complex__ float
726 __complex_cos(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_ccosf(__z); }
728 inline __complex__ double
729 __complex_cos(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_ccos(__z); }
731 inline __complex__ long double
732 __complex_cos(const __complex__ long double& __z)
733 { return __builtin_ccosl(__z); }
735 template<typename _Tp>
737 cos(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_cos(__z.__rep()); }
739 template<typename _Tp>
741 cos(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_cos(__z); }
744 // 26.2.8/2 cosh(__z): Returns the hyperbolic cosine of __z.
745 template<typename _Tp>
747 __complex_cosh(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
749 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
750 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
751 return complex<_Tp>(cosh(__x) * cos(__y), sinh(__x) * sin(__y));
754 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
755 inline __complex__ float
756 __complex_cosh(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_ccoshf(__z); }
758 inline __complex__ double
759 __complex_cosh(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_ccosh(__z); }
761 inline __complex__ long double
762 __complex_cosh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
763 { return __builtin_ccoshl(__z); }
765 template<typename _Tp>
767 cosh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_cosh(__z.__rep()); }
769 template<typename _Tp>
771 cosh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_cosh(__z); }
774 // 26.2.8/3 exp(__z): Returns the complex base e exponential of x
775 template<typename _Tp>
777 __complex_exp(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
778 { return std::polar<_Tp>(exp(__z.real()), __z.imag()); }
780 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
781 inline __complex__ float
782 __complex_exp(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_cexpf(__z); }
784 inline __complex__ double
785 __complex_exp(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_cexp(__z); }
787 inline __complex__ long double
788 __complex_exp(const __complex__ long double& __z)
789 { return __builtin_cexpl(__z); }
791 template<typename _Tp>
793 exp(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_exp(__z.__rep()); }
795 template<typename _Tp>
797 exp(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_exp(__z); }
800 // 26.2.8/5 log(__z): Returns the natural complex logarithm of __z.
801 // The branch cut is along the negative axis.
802 template<typename _Tp>
804 __complex_log(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
805 { return complex<_Tp>(log(std::abs(__z)), std::arg(__z)); }
807 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
808 inline __complex__ float
809 __complex_log(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_clogf(__z); }
811 inline __complex__ double
812 __complex_log(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_clog(__z); }
814 inline __complex__ long double
815 __complex_log(const __complex__ long double& __z)
816 { return __builtin_clogl(__z); }
818 template<typename _Tp>
820 log(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_log(__z.__rep()); }
822 template<typename _Tp>
824 log(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_log(__z); }
827 template<typename _Tp>
829 log10(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
830 { return std::log(__z) / log(_Tp(10.0)); }
832 // 26.2.8/10 sin(__z): Returns the sine of __z.
833 template<typename _Tp>
835 __complex_sin(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
837 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
838 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
839 return complex<_Tp>(sin(__x) * cosh(__y), cos(__x) * sinh(__y));
842 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
843 inline __complex__ float
844 __complex_sin(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_csinf(__z); }
846 inline __complex__ double
847 __complex_sin(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_csin(__z); }
849 inline __complex__ long double
850 __complex_sin(const __complex__ long double& __z)
851 { return __builtin_csinl(__z); }
853 template<typename _Tp>
855 sin(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sin(__z.__rep()); }
857 template<typename _Tp>
859 sin(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sin(__z); }
862 // 26.2.8/11 sinh(__z): Returns the hyperbolic sine of __z.
863 template<typename _Tp>
865 __complex_sinh(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
867 const _Tp __x = __z.real();
868 const _Tp __y = __z.imag();
869 return complex<_Tp>(sinh(__x) * cos(__y), cosh(__x) * sin(__y));
872 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
873 inline __complex__ float
874 __complex_sinh(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_csinhf(__z); }
876 inline __complex__ double
877 __complex_sinh(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_csinh(__z); }
879 inline __complex__ long double
880 __complex_sinh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
881 { return __builtin_csinhl(__z); }
883 template<typename _Tp>
885 sinh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sinh(__z.__rep()); }
887 template<typename _Tp>
889 sinh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sinh(__z); }
892 // 26.2.8/13 sqrt(__z): Returns the complex square root of __z.
893 // The branch cut is on the negative axis.
894 template<typename _Tp>
896 __complex_sqrt(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
898 _Tp __x = __z.real();
899 _Tp __y = __z.imag();
903 _Tp __t = sqrt(abs(__y) / 2);
904 return complex<_Tp>(__t, __y < _Tp() ? -__t : __t);
908 _Tp __t = sqrt(2 * (std::abs(__z) + abs(__x)));
911 ? complex<_Tp>(__u, __y / __t)
912 : complex<_Tp>(abs(__y) / __t, __y < _Tp() ? -__u : __u);
916 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
917 inline __complex__ float
918 __complex_sqrt(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_csqrtf(__z); }
920 inline __complex__ double
921 __complex_sqrt(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_csqrt(__z); }
923 inline __complex__ long double
924 __complex_sqrt(const __complex__ long double& __z)
925 { return __builtin_csqrtl(__z); }
927 template<typename _Tp>
929 sqrt(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sqrt(__z.__rep()); }
931 template<typename _Tp>
933 sqrt(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_sqrt(__z); }
936 // 26.2.8/14 tan(__z): Return the complex tangent of __z.
938 template<typename _Tp>
940 __complex_tan(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
941 { return std::sin(__z) / std::cos(__z); }
943 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
944 inline __complex__ float
945 __complex_tan(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_ctanf(__z); }
947 inline __complex__ double
948 __complex_tan(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_ctan(__z); }
950 inline __complex__ long double
951 __complex_tan(const __complex__ long double& __z)
952 { return __builtin_ctanl(__z); }
954 template<typename _Tp>
956 tan(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_tan(__z.__rep()); }
958 template<typename _Tp>
960 tan(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_tan(__z); }
964 // 26.2.8/15 tanh(__z): Returns the hyperbolic tangent of __z.
966 template<typename _Tp>
968 __complex_tanh(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
969 { return std::sinh(__z) / std::cosh(__z); }
971 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
972 inline __complex__ float
973 __complex_tanh(__complex__ float __z) { return __builtin_ctanhf(__z); }
975 inline __complex__ double
976 __complex_tanh(__complex__ double __z) { return __builtin_ctanh(__z); }
978 inline __complex__ long double
979 __complex_tanh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
980 { return __builtin_ctanhl(__z); }
982 template<typename _Tp>
984 tanh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_tanh(__z.__rep()); }
986 template<typename _Tp>
988 tanh(const complex<_Tp>& __z) { return __complex_tanh(__z); }
992 // 26.2.8/9 pow(__x, __y): Returns the complex power base of __x
993 // raised to the __y-th power. The branch
994 // cut is on the negative axis.
995 template<typename _Tp>
997 __complex_pow_unsigned(complex<_Tp> __x, unsigned __n)
999 complex<_Tp> __y = __n % 2 ? __x : complex<_Tp>(1);
1011 // In C++11 mode we used to implement the resolution of
1012 // DR 844. complex pow return type is ambiguous.
1013 // thus the following overload was disabled in that mode. However, doing
1014 // that causes all sorts of issues, see, for example:
1015 // http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/2013-01/msg00058.html
1016 // and also PR57974.
1017 template<typename _Tp>
1019 pow(const complex<_Tp>& __z, int __n)
1022 ? complex<_Tp>(1) / std::__complex_pow_unsigned(__z, -(unsigned)__n)
1023 : std::__complex_pow_unsigned(__z, __n);
1026 template<typename _Tp>
1028 pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Tp& __y)
1030 #if ! _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
1034 if (__x.imag() == _Tp() && __x.real() > _Tp())
1035 return pow(__x.real(), __y);
1037 complex<_Tp> __t = std::log(__x);
1038 return std::polar<_Tp>(exp(__y * __t.real()), __y * __t.imag());
1041 template<typename _Tp>
1043 __complex_pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
1044 { return __x == _Tp() ? _Tp() : std::exp(__y * std::log(__x)); }
1046 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
1047 inline __complex__ float
1048 __complex_pow(__complex__ float __x, __complex__ float __y)
1049 { return __builtin_cpowf(__x, __y); }
1051 inline __complex__ double
1052 __complex_pow(__complex__ double __x, __complex__ double __y)
1053 { return __builtin_cpow(__x, __y); }
1055 inline __complex__ long double
1056 __complex_pow(const __complex__ long double& __x,
1057 const __complex__ long double& __y)
1058 { return __builtin_cpowl(__x, __y); }
1060 template<typename _Tp>
1062 pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
1063 { return __complex_pow(__x.__rep(), __y.__rep()); }
1065 template<typename _Tp>
1067 pow(const complex<_Tp>& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
1068 { return __complex_pow(__x, __y); }
1071 template<typename _Tp>
1073 pow(const _Tp& __x, const complex<_Tp>& __y)
1075 return __x > _Tp() ? std::polar<_Tp>(pow(__x, __y.real()),
1076 __y.imag() * log(__x))
1077 : std::pow(complex<_Tp>(__x), __y);
1080 /// 26.2.3 complex specializations
1081 /// complex<float> specialization
1083 class complex<float>
1086 typedef float value_type;
1087 typedef __complex__ float _ComplexT;
1089 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(_ComplexT __z) : _M_value(__z) { }
1091 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(float __r = 0.0f, float __i = 0.0f)
1092 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1093 : _M_value{ __r, __i } { }
1096 __real__ _M_value = __r;
1097 __imag__ _M_value = __i;
1101 explicit _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<double>&);
1102 explicit _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<long double>&);
1104 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1105 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1106 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1107 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1109 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1111 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1113 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1116 real() { return __real__ _M_value; }
1119 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1122 imag() { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1125 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1128 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1129 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1130 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR void
1131 real(float __val) { __real__ _M_value = __val; }
1133 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR void
1134 imag(float __val) { __imag__ _M_value = __val; }
1136 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1137 operator=(float __f)
1143 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1144 operator+=(float __f)
1150 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1151 operator-=(float __f)
1157 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1158 operator*=(float __f)
1164 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1165 operator/=(float __f)
1171 // Let the compiler synthesize the copy and assignment
1172 // operator. It always does a pretty good job.
1173 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1174 _GLIBCXX14_CONSTEXPR complex& operator=(const complex&) = default;
1177 template<typename _Tp>
1178 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1179 operator=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1181 __real__ _M_value = __z.real();
1182 __imag__ _M_value = __z.imag();
1186 template<typename _Tp>
1187 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1188 operator+=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1190 _M_value += __z.__rep();
1195 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1196 operator-=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1198 _M_value -= __z.__rep();
1203 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1204 operator*=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1206 const _ComplexT __t = __z.__rep();
1212 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1213 operator/=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1215 const _ComplexT __t = __z.__rep();
1220 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _ComplexT __rep() const { return _M_value; }
1226 /// 26.2.3 complex specializations
1227 /// complex<double> specialization
1229 class complex<double>
1232 typedef double value_type;
1233 typedef __complex__ double _ComplexT;
1235 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(_ComplexT __z) : _M_value(__z) { }
1237 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(double __r = 0.0, double __i = 0.0)
1238 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1239 : _M_value{ __r, __i } { }
1242 __real__ _M_value = __r;
1243 __imag__ _M_value = __i;
1247 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<float>& __z)
1248 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1250 explicit _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<long double>&);
1252 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1253 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1254 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1255 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1257 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1259 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1261 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1264 real() { return __real__ _M_value; }
1267 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1270 imag() { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1273 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1276 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1277 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1278 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR void
1279 real(double __val) { __real__ _M_value = __val; }
1281 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR void
1282 imag(double __val) { __imag__ _M_value = __val; }
1284 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1285 operator=(double __d)
1291 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1292 operator+=(double __d)
1298 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1299 operator-=(double __d)
1305 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1306 operator*=(double __d)
1312 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1313 operator/=(double __d)
1319 // The compiler will synthesize this, efficiently.
1320 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1321 _GLIBCXX14_CONSTEXPR complex& operator=(const complex&) = default;
1324 template<typename _Tp>
1325 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1326 operator=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1328 _M_value = __z.__rep();
1332 template<typename _Tp>
1333 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1334 operator+=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1336 _M_value += __z.__rep();
1340 template<typename _Tp>
1341 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1342 operator-=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1344 _M_value -= __z.__rep();
1348 template<typename _Tp>
1349 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1350 operator*=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1352 const _ComplexT __t = __z.__rep();
1357 template<typename _Tp>
1358 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1359 operator/=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1361 const _ComplexT __t = __z.__rep();
1366 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _ComplexT __rep() const { return _M_value; }
1372 /// 26.2.3 complex specializations
1373 /// complex<long double> specialization
1375 class complex<long double>
1378 typedef long double value_type;
1379 typedef __complex__ long double _ComplexT;
1381 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(_ComplexT __z) : _M_value(__z) { }
1383 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(long double __r = 0.0L,
1384 long double __i = 0.0L)
1385 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1386 : _M_value{ __r, __i } { }
1389 __real__ _M_value = __r;
1390 __imag__ _M_value = __i;
1394 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<float>& __z)
1395 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1397 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR complex(const complex<double>& __z)
1398 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1400 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1401 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1402 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1403 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1404 constexpr long double
1405 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1407 __attribute ((__abi_tag__ ("cxx11")))
1408 constexpr long double
1409 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1412 real() { return __real__ _M_value; }
1415 real() const { return __real__ _M_value; }
1418 imag() { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1421 imag() const { return __imag__ _M_value; }
1424 // _GLIBCXX_RESOLVE_LIB_DEFECTS
1425 // DR 387. std::complex over-encapsulated.
1426 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR void
1427 real(long double __val) { __real__ _M_value = __val; }
1429 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR void
1430 imag(long double __val) { __imag__ _M_value = __val; }
1432 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1433 operator=(long double __r)
1439 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1440 operator+=(long double __r)
1446 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1447 operator-=(long double __r)
1453 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1454 operator*=(long double __r)
1460 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1461 operator/=(long double __r)
1467 // The compiler knows how to do this efficiently
1468 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1469 _GLIBCXX14_CONSTEXPR complex& operator=(const complex&) = default;
1472 template<typename _Tp>
1473 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1474 operator=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1476 _M_value = __z.__rep();
1480 template<typename _Tp>
1481 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1482 operator+=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1484 _M_value += __z.__rep();
1488 template<typename _Tp>
1489 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1490 operator-=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1492 _M_value -= __z.__rep();
1496 template<typename _Tp>
1497 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1498 operator*=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1500 const _ComplexT __t = __z.__rep();
1505 template<typename _Tp>
1506 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR complex&
1507 operator/=(const complex<_Tp>& __z)
1509 const _ComplexT __t = __z.__rep();
1514 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR _ComplexT __rep() const { return _M_value; }
1520 // These bits have to be at the end of this file, so that the
1521 // specializations have all been defined.
1522 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR
1523 complex<float>::complex(const complex<double>& __z)
1524 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1526 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR
1527 complex<float>::complex(const complex<long double>& __z)
1528 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1530 inline _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR
1531 complex<double>::complex(const complex<long double>& __z)
1532 : _M_value(__z.__rep()) { }
1534 // Inhibit implicit instantiations for required instantiations,
1535 // which are defined via explicit instantiations elsewhere.
1536 // NB: This syntax is a GNU extension.
1537 #if _GLIBCXX_EXTERN_TEMPLATE
1538 extern template istream& operator>>(istream&, complex<float>&);
1539 extern template ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const complex<float>&);
1540 extern template istream& operator>>(istream&, complex<double>&);
1541 extern template ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const complex<double>&);
1542 extern template istream& operator>>(istream&, complex<long double>&);
1543 extern template ostream& operator<<(ostream&, const complex<long double>&);
1545 #ifdef _GLIBCXX_USE_WCHAR_T
1546 extern template wistream& operator>>(wistream&, complex<float>&);
1547 extern template wostream& operator<<(wostream&, const complex<float>&);
1548 extern template wistream& operator>>(wistream&, complex<double>&);
1549 extern template wostream& operator<<(wostream&, const complex<double>&);
1550 extern template wistream& operator>>(wistream&, complex<long double>&);
1551 extern template wostream& operator<<(wostream&, const complex<long double>&);
1555 /// @} group complex_numbers
1557 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1560 #if __cplusplus >= 201103L
1562 namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
1564 _GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1566 // Forward declarations.
1567 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> acos(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1568 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> asin(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1569 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> atan(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1571 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> acosh(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1572 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> asinh(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1573 template<typename _Tp> std::complex<_Tp> atanh(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1575 template<typename _Tp> _Tp fabs(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1577 template<typename _Tp>
1578 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1579 __complex_acos(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1581 const std::complex<_Tp> __t = std::asin(__z);
1582 const _Tp __pi_2 = 1.5707963267948966192313216916397514L;
1583 return std::complex<_Tp>(__pi_2 - __t.real(), -__t.imag());
1586 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1587 inline __complex__ float
1588 __complex_acos(__complex__ float __z)
1589 { return __builtin_cacosf(__z); }
1591 inline __complex__ double
1592 __complex_acos(__complex__ double __z)
1593 { return __builtin_cacos(__z); }
1595 inline __complex__ long double
1596 __complex_acos(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1597 { return __builtin_cacosl(__z); }
1599 template<typename _Tp>
1600 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1601 acos(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1602 { return __complex_acos(__z.__rep()); }
1604 /// acos(__z) [8.1.2].
1605 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function cacos, defined
1606 // in subclause 7.3.5.1.
1607 template<typename _Tp>
1608 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1609 acos(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1610 { return __complex_acos(__z); }
1613 template<typename _Tp>
1614 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1615 __complex_asin(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1617 std::complex<_Tp> __t(-__z.imag(), __z.real());
1618 __t = std::asinh(__t);
1619 return std::complex<_Tp>(__t.imag(), -__t.real());
1622 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1623 inline __complex__ float
1624 __complex_asin(__complex__ float __z)
1625 { return __builtin_casinf(__z); }
1627 inline __complex__ double
1628 __complex_asin(__complex__ double __z)
1629 { return __builtin_casin(__z); }
1631 inline __complex__ long double
1632 __complex_asin(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1633 { return __builtin_casinl(__z); }
1635 template<typename _Tp>
1636 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1637 asin(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1638 { return __complex_asin(__z.__rep()); }
1640 /// asin(__z) [8.1.3].
1641 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function casin, defined
1642 // in subclause 7.3.5.2.
1643 template<typename _Tp>
1644 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1645 asin(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1646 { return __complex_asin(__z); }
1649 template<typename _Tp>
1651 __complex_atan(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1653 const _Tp __r2 = __z.real() * __z.real();
1654 const _Tp __x = _Tp(1.0) - __r2 - __z.imag() * __z.imag();
1656 _Tp __num = __z.imag() + _Tp(1.0);
1657 _Tp __den = __z.imag() - _Tp(1.0);
1659 __num = __r2 + __num * __num;
1660 __den = __r2 + __den * __den;
1662 return std::complex<_Tp>(_Tp(0.5) * atan2(_Tp(2.0) * __z.real(), __x),
1663 _Tp(0.25) * log(__num / __den));
1666 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1667 inline __complex__ float
1668 __complex_atan(__complex__ float __z)
1669 { return __builtin_catanf(__z); }
1671 inline __complex__ double
1672 __complex_atan(__complex__ double __z)
1673 { return __builtin_catan(__z); }
1675 inline __complex__ long double
1676 __complex_atan(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1677 { return __builtin_catanl(__z); }
1679 template<typename _Tp>
1680 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1681 atan(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1682 { return __complex_atan(__z.__rep()); }
1684 /// atan(__z) [8.1.4].
1685 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function catan, defined
1686 // in subclause 7.3.5.3.
1687 template<typename _Tp>
1688 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1689 atan(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1690 { return __complex_atan(__z); }
1693 template<typename _Tp>
1695 __complex_acosh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1698 return _Tp(2.0) * std::log(std::sqrt(_Tp(0.5) * (__z + _Tp(1.0)))
1699 + std::sqrt(_Tp(0.5) * (__z - _Tp(1.0))));
1702 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1703 inline __complex__ float
1704 __complex_acosh(__complex__ float __z)
1705 { return __builtin_cacoshf(__z); }
1707 inline __complex__ double
1708 __complex_acosh(__complex__ double __z)
1709 { return __builtin_cacosh(__z); }
1711 inline __complex__ long double
1712 __complex_acosh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1713 { return __builtin_cacoshl(__z); }
1715 template<typename _Tp>
1716 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1717 acosh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1718 { return __complex_acosh(__z.__rep()); }
1720 /// acosh(__z) [8.1.5].
1721 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function cacosh, defined
1722 // in subclause 7.3.6.1.
1723 template<typename _Tp>
1724 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1725 acosh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1726 { return __complex_acosh(__z); }
1729 template<typename _Tp>
1731 __complex_asinh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1733 std::complex<_Tp> __t((__z.real() - __z.imag())
1734 * (__z.real() + __z.imag()) + _Tp(1.0),
1735 _Tp(2.0) * __z.real() * __z.imag());
1736 __t = std::sqrt(__t);
1738 return std::log(__t + __z);
1741 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1742 inline __complex__ float
1743 __complex_asinh(__complex__ float __z)
1744 { return __builtin_casinhf(__z); }
1746 inline __complex__ double
1747 __complex_asinh(__complex__ double __z)
1748 { return __builtin_casinh(__z); }
1750 inline __complex__ long double
1751 __complex_asinh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1752 { return __builtin_casinhl(__z); }
1754 template<typename _Tp>
1755 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1756 asinh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1757 { return __complex_asinh(__z.__rep()); }
1759 /// asinh(__z) [8.1.6].
1760 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function casin, defined
1761 // in subclause 7.3.6.2.
1762 template<typename _Tp>
1763 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1764 asinh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1765 { return __complex_asinh(__z); }
1768 template<typename _Tp>
1770 __complex_atanh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1772 const _Tp __i2 = __z.imag() * __z.imag();
1773 const _Tp __x = _Tp(1.0) - __i2 - __z.real() * __z.real();
1775 _Tp __num = _Tp(1.0) + __z.real();
1776 _Tp __den = _Tp(1.0) - __z.real();
1778 __num = __i2 + __num * __num;
1779 __den = __i2 + __den * __den;
1781 return std::complex<_Tp>(_Tp(0.25) * (log(__num) - log(__den)),
1782 _Tp(0.5) * atan2(_Tp(2.0) * __z.imag(), __x));
1785 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX_TR1
1786 inline __complex__ float
1787 __complex_atanh(__complex__ float __z)
1788 { return __builtin_catanhf(__z); }
1790 inline __complex__ double
1791 __complex_atanh(__complex__ double __z)
1792 { return __builtin_catanh(__z); }
1794 inline __complex__ long double
1795 __complex_atanh(const __complex__ long double& __z)
1796 { return __builtin_catanhl(__z); }
1798 template<typename _Tp>
1799 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1800 atanh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1801 { return __complex_atanh(__z.__rep()); }
1803 /// atanh(__z) [8.1.7].
1804 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function catanh, defined
1805 // in subclause 7.3.6.3.
1806 template<typename _Tp>
1807 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1808 atanh(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1809 { return __complex_atanh(__z); }
1812 template<typename _Tp>
1814 /// fabs(__z) [8.1.8].
1815 // Effects: Behaves the same as C99 function cabs, defined
1816 // in subclause 7.3.8.1.
1817 fabs(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1818 { return std::abs(__z); }
1820 /// Additional overloads [8.1.9].
1821 template<typename _Tp>
1822 inline typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type
1825 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type __type;
1826 #if (_GLIBCXX11_USE_C99_MATH && !_GLIBCXX_USE_C99_FP_MACROS_DYNAMIC)
1827 return std::signbit(__x) ? __type(3.1415926535897932384626433832795029L)
1830 return std::arg(std::complex<__type>(__x));
1834 template<typename _Tp>
1835 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR inline typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type
1839 template<typename _Tp>
1840 _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR inline typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type
1843 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type __type;
1844 return __type(__x) * __type(__x);
1847 template<typename _Tp>
1848 _GLIBCXX_CONSTEXPR inline typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type
1852 template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
1853 inline std::complex<typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type>
1854 pow(const std::complex<_Tp>& __x, const _Up& __y)
1856 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type __type;
1857 return std::pow(std::complex<__type>(__x), __type(__y));
1860 template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
1861 inline std::complex<typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type>
1862 pow(const _Tp& __x, const std::complex<_Up>& __y)
1864 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type __type;
1865 return std::pow(__type(__x), std::complex<__type>(__y));
1868 template<typename _Tp, typename _Up>
1869 inline std::complex<typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type>
1870 pow(const std::complex<_Tp>& __x, const std::complex<_Up>& __y)
1872 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote_2<_Tp, _Up>::__type __type;
1873 return std::pow(std::complex<__type>(__x),
1874 std::complex<__type>(__y));
1877 // Forward declarations.
1879 template<typename _Tp>
1880 std::complex<_Tp> proj(const std::complex<_Tp>&);
1882 // Generic implementation of std::proj, does not work for infinities.
1883 template<typename _Tp>
1884 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1885 __complex_proj(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1888 #if _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_COMPLEX
1889 inline complex<float>
1890 __complex_proj(const complex<float>& __z)
1891 { return __builtin_cprojf(__z.__rep()); }
1893 inline complex<double>
1894 __complex_proj(const complex<double>& __z)
1895 { return __builtin_cproj(__z.__rep()); }
1897 inline complex<long double>
1898 __complex_proj(const complex<long double>& __z)
1899 { return __builtin_cprojl(__z.__rep()); }
1900 #elif defined _GLIBCXX_USE_C99_MATH_TR1
1901 inline complex<float>
1902 __complex_proj(const complex<float>& __z)
1904 if (__builtin_isinf(__z.real()) || __builtin_isinf(__z.imag()))
1905 return complex<float>(__builtin_inff(),
1906 __builtin_copysignf(0.0f, __z.imag()));
1910 inline complex<double>
1911 __complex_proj(const complex<double>& __z)
1913 if (__builtin_isinf(__z.real()) || __builtin_isinf(__z.imag()))
1914 return complex<double>(__builtin_inf(),
1915 __builtin_copysign(0.0, __z.imag()));
1919 inline complex<long double>
1920 __complex_proj(const complex<long double>& __z)
1922 if (__builtin_isinf(__z.real()) || __builtin_isinf(__z.imag()))
1923 return complex<long double>(__builtin_infl(),
1924 __builtin_copysignl(0.0l, __z.imag()));
1929 template<typename _Tp>
1930 inline std::complex<_Tp>
1931 proj(const std::complex<_Tp>& __z)
1932 { return __complex_proj(__z); }
1934 // Overload for scalars
1935 template<typename _Tp>
1936 inline std::complex<typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type>
1939 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type __type;
1940 return std::proj(std::complex<__type>(__x));
1943 template<typename _Tp>
1944 inline _GLIBCXX20_CONSTEXPR
1945 std::complex<typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type>
1948 typedef typename __gnu_cxx::__promote<_Tp>::__type __type;
1949 return std::complex<__type>(__x, -__type());
1952 #if __cplusplus > 201103L
1954 inline namespace literals {
1955 inline namespace complex_literals {
1956 #pragma GCC diagnostic push
1957 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wliteral-suffix"
1958 #define __cpp_lib_complex_udls 201309L
1960 constexpr std::complex<float>
1961 operator""if(long double __num)
1962 { return std::complex<float>{0.0F, static_cast<float>(__num)}; }
1964 constexpr std::complex<float>
1965 operator""if(unsigned long long __num)
1966 { return std::complex<float>{0.0F, static_cast<float>(__num)}; }
1968 constexpr std::complex<double>
1969 operator""i(long double __num)
1970 { return std::complex<double>{0.0, static_cast<double>(__num)}; }
1972 constexpr std::complex<double>
1973 operator""i(unsigned long long __num)
1974 { return std::complex<double>{0.0, static_cast<double>(__num)}; }
1976 constexpr std::complex<long double>
1977 operator""il(long double __num)
1978 { return std::complex<long double>{0.0L, __num}; }
1980 constexpr std::complex<long double>
1981 operator""il(unsigned long long __num)
1982 { return std::complex<long double>{0.0L, static_cast<long double>(__num)}; }
1984 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
1985 } // inline namespace complex_literals
1986 } // inline namespace literals
1990 _GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
1995 #endif /* _GLIBCXX_COMPLEX */